Dec 142012
 
 December 14, 2012

Sometimes I’m really not sure what to say in this public space—I hope I give an interesting viewpoint on subjects here and there—but if nothing else I can pass on the wisdom of others. If you haven’t seen this page on the Kenan website, go check out our Faculty and Fellows blogs.  The talented and creative faculty and senior fellows who are associated with the Institute contribute to a number of public forums, offering an informal way to engage with their areas of expertise.

Chris MacDonald, a KIE Nonresident Senior Fellow on post in Toronto leading the Jim Pattison Ethical Leadership Education & Research Program at Ryerson University, keeps us informed on intriguing questions in business ethics with his Business Ethics Blog, which also gets picked up by Canadian Business. In clear-cut fashion, he explains some key concepts in business ethics using examples that resonate with the current public conscience. Hurricane Sandy had a startling effect on all of us, leading me to pay close attention to his assessment of what businesses can actually do in response to global warming. He is a strong voice for corporate social responsibility, which also grounds much of the writing of KIE Nonresident Senior Fellow Christine Bader. A contributor to the Huffington Post blog, among other things, her most recent endeavor has been the apparently difficult task of finding practitioners of corporate social responsibility in the baby market. Their topics are both accessible and informative in a way that has given me access to information that would otherwise probably intimidate me.

Meanwhile two of our Senior Fellows, Luke Bretherton and Ebrahim Moosa, each keep a blog that bridges religion and public life. The very name of Moosa’s blog, Dihliz, illustrates that bridge. He explains that dihliz is the Arabic word that “describes the space between the house proper and the street,” and that “this in-between space also describes [his] own existential position between several antimonies.” I think to name that space where the tough exploration takes place is helpful. It is a deliberate venue for idea sharing and ethical exploration of issues that sometimes may seem at odds. I think that goes for any of these blogs, and I appreciate the synthesis. Bretherton and Moosa are spearheading a new initiative on religion in the public sphere, a collaboration between Kenan, the Divinity School, and Trinity College of Arts and Sciences. Bretherton describes the spring graduate seminar that will be the focal point of the initiative in one of his posts on Christianity and Contemporary Politics. I’m sure it will also be an exploration of the space in-between and I hope that some of the dialogue makes its way to their blogs.

The list could go on, of course. Kieran Healy is particularly creative with his sociological commentary, and Dan Ariely to me is one of the most entertaining sources of both knowledge and informed distraction on the internet. Yesterday I stumbled upon Ariely’s post about the Department of Defense’s Encyclopedia of Ethical Failure—for any students still toiling through exam week, beware of this 162 page time suck of humor!

Being at a university, surrounded by expert voices and opinions, is a humbling yet stimulating experience. It may seem overwhelming to try to take in the constant stream of information sharing.  It is, in fact, impossible. I guess casual perusal is a ubiquitous habit on the internet, but with no direction I often just feel lost. I’ve found university aggregates like our faculty blogs and DukeToday to be new targeted sources of knowledge that I can rely on and process more easily.  So as we head into the holiday break, enjoy browsing!

Dec 072012
 
 December 7, 2012

I had an encounter in the grocery story last night that I have just realized was not a very sensitive one on my part. The employee checking me out was Hispanic, and was explaining to the Caucasian bagger the translation of the Hispanic dish that she had cooked for dinner, pollo en crema. The bagger chuckled and said another employee had been teaching her a little Spanish. She pointed up and said, “luz?” Then she turned to me and asked me if I knew what that meant. I could, in fact, utter a hesitant, “light,” but I’ll have to admit, it helped to have the pointing cue. She was impressed, we were laughing congenially, but then I let out the big qualifier, “Oh no, I really am awful at Spanish, I suffered through my requirements and that was it for me!”

It’s true. I have almost zero proficiency in Spanish, or any other language besides English. But the fact that I could joke about scraping by in required courses and then moving on, no longer letting it affect my life, is somewhat of a luxury. Sometimes I’ll think casually that I wish I could speak another language, if only I were better at languages, but really just for the exotic, romantic appeal. I probably will never put in the effort to learn another language with proficiency, and my guess is that I will not have to.

In comes the guilt for my statement and mindset, when I think about the interactions I have here at Kenan with resettled refugees who are working hard to learn English so that they can more effectively make a life for themselves in a new country. For those eager to learn, and given the right environments in which to do so, the language skills and comfort can come. There seems to be a mismatch, however. Hordes of kids like me grow up with multiple levels of required language classes, but in most settings there is not true emphasis on their importance for a more open, accommodating society. Meanwhile ESL classes, whether in schools or through ad-hoc NGOs or other institutions, often may lack structure, resources, and continuity. Languages are conduits into cultures other than our own, and we should give more attention to fostering mutual pathways between them.

I’m sharing a little pondering on a statement from the grocery store line. We could probably all benefit from greater intentionality and awareness in our day to day interactions.

Dec 052012
 
 December 5, 2012

Does this look like your typical Monday night? I’m a music lover and am at shows quite often, but it was a welcome surprise to jam out the way I did last night. Especially because I was helping facilitate a conference on deforestation in Madagascar co-hosted by the Kenan Institute for Ethics and the Duke Lemur Center. A quick look at the conference schedule shows that we had a full day of engagement. But throw in some creative planning and Malagasy musician Razia Said, and you get the perfect way to conclude a conference and liven up a Monday night.

The symposium was organized by the Duke Human Rights Center at KIE, and the Duke Lemur Center, and was one of the first major events with funding from the Duke Africa Initiative. Lou Brown’s FOCUS class used Madagascar as a case study for examining globalization and corporate social responsibility from an anthropological perspective, and contributed extensively to the planning for the event. Researchers and practitioners in fields from conservation ecology to economics to law were brought together as speakers for the panels. Because of these various angles by which the issue of deforestation was approached, the experts that were involved as well as conference attendees such as graduate students in related fields could gain from the synthesis of ideas that took place. For some, that meant grappling with challenges to their beliefs. The importance of lemurs and biodiversity was explicitly juxtaposed with the importance of maintaining livelihood and dignity for the human inhabitants of Madagascar, which made for a more complicated, richer discussion. It was a truly multilateral approach to education and research sharing.

I think one of the things Kenan does best is act as a moderator and synthesizer for engagement in diverse fields. We try to take an idea, involve multiple partners with multiple viewpoints, and broaden the perspectives of all involved.

And if your inclination is that an academic conference at Duke must be a stiff crowd, then we can broaden your perspective on that as well! The spirit of camaraderie from the day followed the crowd into Duke Coffeehouse, where Razia and her band gave us inspiration and a call to action. In another iteration of our “think and do” model, Monday’s Madagascar conference illustrated that sometimes a healthy process may be to think and dance!

Nov 302012
 
 November 30, 2012

The International Comparative Studies program is celebrating its 40th anniversary with a conference on international migration. The three-day schedule includes panel discussions, a film, a performance, and a keynote address. For full details and registration information, please visit the conference page at the ICS website.

Conference sponsors include: Department of African and African American Studies, Department of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, Department of Cultural Anthropology, Department of History, Department of Sociology, Duke Islamic Studies Center, Duke University Center for International Studies, Franklin Humanities Institute, Duke Human Rights Center @ FHI, Kenan Institute for Ethics, Office of Dean of Academic Affairs – Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Office of the Dean of Arts and Sciences, Office of the Dean of the Humanities, Office of the Dean of Social Sciences, Office of the Provost, Program in Arts of the Moving Image, Program in Latino/a Studies in the Global South, Program in Literature, Women’s Studies.

Nov 152012
 
 November 15, 2012

Last week I shared some thoughts about the value of creative representation for awareness and education. Documentary photography and performance was the focus, but we could certainly expand the realm of creativity. Coming from a tradition of Southern matriarchs who spend quality time in the kitchen, I very much think of food as an expression of creativity and culture.

This weekend I attended an event that illustrated how food can be used as an educational tool, in a way much like the photographic essays we display in our hallway. The Transplanting Traditions Community Farm hosted an evening at Vimala’s Curryblossom Café with a traditional Karen Burmese meal and a presentation about refugee camp life in Thailand and resettlement here in the Triangle.

This Chapel Hill area farm hosts 26 ethnic Karen refugee families from Burma in a sustainable farming operation that melds Karen agricultural traditions with techniques helpful in North Carolina. It is also meant to be a catalyst for some families to eventually start their own independent farms. If anyone is looking for a good CSA box, I’ve heard from a colleague that theirs is fabulous!

I knew from the monologues and magazine created by our DukeImmerse students last spring that a difficulty for Bhutanese refugees in Nepal is the change from a predominantly agrarian culture to a camp where there is little opportunity to grow and prepare their own food. Some refugees find ways to tend small plots in the camps, and of course the food aid that is provided has to be prepared in some way, but options are limited. I learned Sunday that Burmese refugees struggle with this same loss of agragrian lifestyle, and that it is often compounded by the resettlement process. The community farm is, then, a valuable and comforting enclave in the midst of adjusting to a new home that is so different in so many ways.

At the event, my friends and I were greeted with the cozy atmosphere of Vimala’s courtyard packed with people holding steaming plates of food and sipping hibiscus tea. As I went down the buffet line, each serving was a lesson in colors and scents and eventually, new tastes. I meant to take a picture of the beautiful expression that was on my plate, but remembered right as I was scraping the bottom of my bowl of pumpkin curry soup. What I do have as an illustration, though, is the photo documentary project that was displayed, showing the bounty of the farm and the people contributing to it…sounds like a familiar concept, doesn’t it?!

I think it’s safe to say people are easily drawn by the promise of a good meal, especially with the backing of Vimala Rajendran, an institution in Chapel Hill (If you don’t know about her philosophy, it’s worth a look. Deeply committed to sustainability, community, and food security, her motto is, When Vimala cooks, everybody eats!) For this event, the preparing and serving of a meal drew both the resettled Karen community as well as the broader local community together to eat, learn, and enjoy a cultural exchange.

Nov 092012
 
 November 9, 2012

I’ve been struck recently by the realization that Kenan has organically integrated more and more of the arts into its programming, which has had me thinking more deeply about the windows that can be opened through creative representation.  I’m reminded in a particularly vivid way each day as I walk down the halls of West Duke.  It has become a standard practice to display artwork along our hallway that relates to one of our programs.  Poignant thoughts hit me on my way to my office, and different images strike me in different ways with each trip down the hall.  When I see others stop, on the way to class or a meeting, I have this great sense of fulfillment that the walls are actually speaking to the issues we are exploring.

Exploration in the arts has been particularly useful for our focus on global citizenship.  A collection of photographs entitled One Summer in Damak, from a joint undergraduate and graduate research trip to refugee camps in Nepal, was a huge success last year.  Many people in the Duke community learned about the refugee experience through this photo essay, and local resettled refugees were able to gather and talk about their past lives through a reception held for the exhibit opening.  Most recently, the Duke Human Rights Center at KIE has sponsored a photography exhibit called Nowhere People, which documents stateless populations around the world.  It opened last week with a panel discussion about the ethics of photography for social change, which included the Nowhere People photographer Greg Constantine, UNHCR Communications Officer Charity Tooze, Duke Pediatrician John Moses, and Center for Documentary Studies Director Tom Rankin.

One of Constantine’s descriptions of his work, which is very much tied to the medium by which he works, is that he is providing visual evidence, he is making an invisible condition visible.  Throughout the evening, he was not simply talking about photography; explanations about the causes and condition of statelessness continually arose.  His body of work is clearly meant to be an educational tool.  Of course, how best to use such a powerful tool is critical.  He went on to say that roughly 25% of his time is spent taking the photographs, and the other 75% is spent strategically controlling how they are used.  Many ethical issues were raised.  Is it appropriate to use an individual’s story or image to take a stance on a broader issue?  What counts as full disclosure of how the work will be used?  How do you reconcile not being able to do something, in a concrete sense, for the people right in front of you who you are representing?  How can you best control the democratization of your work once it enters the public sphere?

These are tough questions for documentary photography and film, photojournalism, and other forms of creative expression.  They are also things we are thinking hard about, since by displaying and sharing creative work we are a part of that process of representation, both its value and its risk.  Students in our Ethics Certificate Program discussion section have heard from playwright Mike Wiley and Documentarian John Biewen about how they address ethical issues in their work, and have grappled with their strategies as well as what they heard from the Nowhere People panel.  If I were to summarize two key themes that have emerged, I would say they are: the importance of research, and the importance of framing.  The more research you do, the more confident you can be that you are giving an appropriate representation.  And by being thoughtful and deliberate with the way you frame a story—hopefully with the input of those whom you are documenting—you show it greater respect.

Some other Kenan students have been deeply involved in this process of research and framing in order to illuminate an issue creatively and educationally.  Through our DukeImmerse program last spring, 12 students collected the stories of Bhutanese refugees in Nepal and Iraqi refugees in Cairo through life story interviews, while also intensively studying refugee issues through a semester’s course load.  They were then equipped to create a magazine, as well as a set of monologues to be performed dramatically. In the latest extension of this project, our Ethics, Leadership, and Global Citizenship FOCUS students are currently performing the monologues at Durham high schools.  After a strenuous process of research and crafting, we are now confident in using them as an educational tool.

Artistic representation must be undertaken carefully, but it can be such a powerful conduit into an issue.  Art, film, drama, music… these things strike emotional chords in us that are invigorating.  If we use these mediums to make certain conditions visible, the table is then open for deeper discussion and learning.

We will be using a different form of art as part of a symposium on rights and resources in Madagascar on December 3—look out for a concert at Duke Coffeehouse by Malagasy musician and activist Razia Said.  It should be a fun night of creative representation!

Oct 312012
 
 October 31, 2012

Happy Halloween from the Kenan Institute! I’ve always been a fan of pumpkin carving, but I’m not sure I had ever thought of it as an ethical activity. Well, we say we promote moral reflection around here, so that’s just what we did for our office pumpkin carving contest. We were tasked with creating the most ethical pumpkin! Whether arm deep in pumpkin gunk or working magic with duct tape and a set of sharpies, we all had some time to reflect on how to portray a moral character. Emily Sparrow the pirate pumpkin was advocating against music piracy. Pat the Ethical Pumpkin revealed a different side of himself depending on which angle you looked–reminding us that discerning the right thing to do requires examining an issue (or pumpkin) from multiple sides.  PumKIEn displayed the Kenan logo and described herself as putting in the hours to make the world a more ethical place. These are just a few examples of the fun and creative ethical pumpkins my colleagues came up with, and it makes me appreciate being a part of a place where, as another pumpkin aptly put it, ethics is (seriously) everywhere (including pumpkins)!

 

  Kenan’s FOCUS Cluster: Ethics, Leadership, and Global Citizenship acted as judges for our ethical pumpkin carving contest (a little healthy competition certainly drives creativity, right?!).  Here is a closeup of the winner, Maurice.  He is having a moral quandary.  Shouldn’t we all every now and then?

Oct 242012
 
 October 24, 2012

Can you decipher what is going on in this picture? When I just glance at the photo in hindsight, it seems to suggest a giant party, with larger than life streamers, confetti, and one of those long-armed men that blow in the wind. While I like the festive connotations, they’re not quite accurate. This is a shot I took in Page Auditorium this weekend while viewing–or experiencing–the How to Build a Forest art installation.  I happened to read about it in last week’s Recess and decided to check it out.  I say festive is not the proper description because while it was beautiful, my mood was overall quiet and contemplative, and I honestly left somewhat disheartened.  The artists spent eight hours building this “forest” out of materials such as fabrics, wire, plastics, and other nonsensical items that reminded me fondly of The Scrap Exchange.  The care that was taken to collect and assemble these items was incredible, and the environment they created really did usher you in to explore its diversity. My mind felt sharper by engaging so deliberately with my surroundings.

The major idea being that the forest was an ecosystem in process, the exhibit was meant to be a [meditation] on creation, destruction, biodiversity and ecological sustainability. It made me think about how we care for the natural world, and also how we produce and track materials that in their multiple iterations become less and less natural. The field guide to the forest charted the raw materials utilized for the products that built the forest and where those products came from, both geographically and by type of store or other procurement source. They even asked to see the tag of my shirt when I entered the forest to add its country of origin (Haiti) to their expansive list.  And of course it was impossible to know everything’s source. Some of us may take pride in shopping at the local boutique, making a concerted effort to recycle, and maybe even hosting an arts and crafts party at the Scrap Exchange, but to really think through where our materials come from and where they are going is daunting.  It feels so good to clean out a closet, dorm room, or basement, but where will our unwanted items go next? The lines of the chart cannot be reversed so that materials are disassembled into their natural states.

 

 

Oct 222012
 
 October 22, 2012

I was introduced to the hidden delight of Saxapahaw, North Carolina last fall when some friends organized a canoe trip down the Haw River. The Haw River Canoe and Kayak Company took us a few miles upriver, we spent a gorgeous Fall afternoon paddling back downstream, and ended up at the Saxapahaw Rivermill, the central hub of the town. Since the Saxapahaw Cotton Mill was originally built in the 1840s, it’s fair to say that the river mill has long been the central hub of town. What’s different now, however, is that it is filled with upscale lofts, a rustic general store that happens to serve up seriously gourmet offerings (the New York Times agrees), and the latest addition, a state of the art music venue called the Haw River Ballroom.

I knew from my own experience that Saxapahaw was receiving increasing hype, but what I didn’t know until a Duke Magazine article highlighted it recently, was the full story of its revitalization, and the connections to Duke. It has been the Jordan family, with three generations of Duke alumni, that has overseen the overhaul from a formerly prospering but eventually defunct textile mill to a thriving village of art and local commerce.

Mac Jordan, the most recent Duke grad, applied knowledge developed at Duke—from a Center for Documentary Studies photography project to a public policy major—to a specific project that he felt passionate about, the revitalization of his home town. Sounds like a good model for Duke’s emphasis on civic engagement and practice oriented education if you ask me! He has also collaborated with others invested in Saxapahaw’s growth to spur innovation.  It has certainly worked.

Perhaps what I love best about Saxapahaw’s revival story is the atmosphere it has so comfortably created, a place where, as Mac Jordan jokes, “a bunch of rednecks and hippies [are] all mixed together.” As a product of small-town North Carolina myself, I appreciate the deliberate emphasis on the cultural heritage of the place. It seems that long-time locals are for the most part pleased with the transformation, a sign that the project has been done well.  At the same time, the gourmet local food, the folk and indie music scene, and the sheer natural beauty are plenty enough reason for shades of hippie/hipster/urbanite to escape to the countryside.

It makes me consider what growth means for a community. Perhaps it’s not always bigger and better and newer.  Integration of old and new, in a way that provides stability yet forward momentum, seems to be key.  I think the Jordans have thought harder about a socially and ethically conscious way to do development than most. Admittedly, though, there are going to be some feelings of loss along with new gains. The architectural heritage is certainly being reused, and some cultural elements have been preserved, but Saxapahaw is not a mill town anymore. In order to have a viable future, it had to adapt and draw in new people.  I’m sure the former mill families have a different outlook than my friends and I who love a good Saturday excursion to their town.

Saxapahaw has not significantly changed its landscape, but has cleanly and elegantly ushered in new features that have given it new life. I hope the confluence of elements that now characterize this eclectic town will continue to be solidified in ways that all who live there appreciate.  Maybe a new sense of culture is developing that will be shared in years to come.

I certainly am glad to have this enclave just down the road. It is a counterpart to Durham and the Triangle that makes me even more appreciative of this region of North Carolina as a whole. I’ll be heading down the road this Friday night for a Mandolin Orange show—I wonder who I will see around and about the ballroom.

Oct 142012
 
 October 14, 2012

Are you a risk taker? Do you perceive the risks around you on a day to day basis?  Are you compliant when told to take precautions because of certain risks?  My mother was recently relating the story that when she told my brother as a pre-teen that he had to wear a helmet or he could not ride his bicycle, he chose to stop riding his bicycle! The perceived risk for most of the neighborhood kids was the embarrassment of wearing a helmet, rather than the danger of a bike accident, and we responded accordingly.  Now, in a different set of circumstances, my brother is an avid cyclist living in Carrboro, and never goes without a helmet.  There is both the greater risk involved—heavier traffic combined with higher speeds—as well as reinforcing social pressure that now makes the helmet an easy choice.

People respond in funny ways to risks, and while it may not always be rational, it’s certainly something to pay attention to.  One interesting phenomenon is that people’s perception of risk changes dramatically once an event has occurred to actualize the risk.  We already have a bad sense of probability, and we are easily influenced by experience and emotion. When the actualized risk is a large public phenomenon, suddenly there is much more talk of “best practices,” and our experience and emotion can play into that. How much does regulatory governance respond to this public reaction? Do we sometimes overreact in ways that can negatively affect the economy and society? At other times do we underreact?

On a broad scale, this is the phenomenon being explored in a new book project by the Rethinking Regulation program at the Kenan Institute for Ethics.  Recalibrating Risk (the working title of the book) will look at three sets of disasters—oil spills, nuclear explosions, and financial crises—and examine how regulation in these areas is affected by perceptions of risk over time and in different places.  A set of international authors from different fields (Political Science, Sociology, Environmental Science, Psychology) will ask and answer questions about how reactions to events affect policy.

The Recalibrating Risk book project is an example of how the Rethinking Regulation group brings together different conceptual frameworks for regulatory practices. The core of the Rethinking Regulation project is a group of faculty and graduate students from Duke, UNC, and NCSU who meet monthly to share their work, discuss papers, and brainstorm ideas.  The ideas generated are strengthened by the perspectives of faculty who come from multiple disciplines.    They also hold occasional public events, offer grants for graduate research related to the analysis of regulatory governance, and are developing more course opportunities related to regulation.

This research area touches on so many practical issues in our society.  I am very excited to see what this group of experts will have to say about topics on the American consciousness like the 2008 financial crisis and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, how they will draw in the lessons of both history and other geographic areas, and what ideas they might have for future risk events.

In other news: I’m also looking forward to an upcoming public event hosted by the Rethinking Regulation program, a talk on October 24 entitled “Regulating the Regulators: A Conversation with Former OIRA Administrators.” Sally Katzen and John Graham were both administrators of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, but from the Clinton and Bush administrations, respectively.  What do you think?  Will they discuss drastically different notions of regulatory policy making based on their relative administrations?  I’m guessing their overarching goals were more similar than political rhetoric would make it seem.